Κριθάρι

Hordeum vulgare Poaceae

Nutrition per 100g

354.0
kilocalorie
Calories
12.5
gram
Protein
2.3
gram
Fat
73.5
gram
Carbs
17.3
gram
Fiber

Full Nutrition Breakdown per 100g

Other

Water 9.4 gram
Energy 354.0 kilocalorie
Energy 1480.0 kilojoule
Protein 12.5 gram
Total lipid (fat) 2.3 gram
Ash 2.3 gram
Carbohydrate, by difference 73.5 gram
Fiber, total dietary 17.3 gram
Sugars, total including NLEA 0.800 gram
Calcium, Ca 33.0 milligram
Iron, Fe 3.6 milligram
Magnesium, Mg 133.0 milligram
Phosphorus, P 264.0 milligram
Potassium, K 452.0 milligram
Sodium, Na 12.0 milligram
Zinc, Zn 2.8 milligram
Copper, Cu 0.498 milligram
Manganese, Mn 1.9 milligram
Selenium, Se 37.7 microgram
Thiamin 0.646 milligram
Riboflavin 0.285 milligram
Niacin 4.6 milligram
Pantothenic acid 0.282 milligram
Vitamin B-6 0.318 milligram
Folate, total 19.0 microgram
Folate, food 19.0 microgram
Folate, DFE 19.0 microgram
Vitamin A, RAE 1.0 microgram
Carotene, beta 13.0 microgram
Vitamin A, IU 22.0 International Unit
Lutein + zeaxanthin 160.0 microgram
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 0.570 milligram
Vitamin K (phylloquinone) 2.2 microgram
Fatty acids, total saturated 0.482 gram
SFA 12:0 0.006 gram
SFA 14:0 0.011 gram
SFA 16:0 0.411 gram
SFA 18:0 0.017 gram
Fatty acids, total monounsaturated 0.295 gram
MUFA 16:1 0.006 gram
MUFA 18:1 0.241 gram
Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated 1.1 gram
PUFA 18:2 0.999 gram
PUFA 18:3 0.110 gram
Tryptophan 0.208 gram
Threonine 0.424 gram
Isoleucine 0.456 gram
Leucine 0.848 gram
Lysine 0.465 gram
Methionine 0.240 gram
Cystine 0.276 gram
Phenylalanine 0.700 gram
Tyrosine 0.358 gram
Valine 0.612 gram
Arginine 0.625 gram
Histidine 0.281 gram
Alanine 0.486 gram
Aspartic acid 0.779 gram
Glutamic acid 3.3 gram
Glycine 0.452 gram
Proline 1.5 gram
Serine 0.527 gram

Bioactive Compounds

Flavanone Contains lipid Contains D-Glucose Contains Sucrose Contains starch Contains phenolic acids Contains Carotenoids Contains fatty acids Contains Anthocyanins Contains polyphenols Contains Cholesterol Contains Phosphorus Contains Ferulic Acid Contains Sodium Chloride Contains carbohydrate Contains Eugenol Contains reactive oxygen species Contains amino acid Contains Sodium Contains Chlorophyll Contains Jasmonic Acid Contains Malonaldehyde Contains L-Proline Contains Potassium Cation Contains Brassinosteroid Contains Beta-Glucan Contains

Health Conditions

avoid Hypertension via Sucrose · evidence: limited
encourage Hyperuricemia via Anthocyanins · high · evidence: limited
encourage Hyperuricemia via Flavanone · evidence: limited
encourage Metabolic Syndrome via Anthocyanins · high · evidence: limited
encourage Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Anthocyanins · evidence: limited
encourage Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Flavanone · moderate · evidence: limited
encourage Obesity via Anthocyanins · evidence: limited
encourage Obesity via Flavanone · moderate · evidence: limited
encourage Obesity via phenolic acids · moderate · evidence: limited
encourage Obesity via polyphenols · evidence: limited
encourage Osteoporosis via Flavanone · evidence: limited
encourage Peptic Ulcer Disease via Flavanone · evidence: limited
encourage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via Flavanone · high · evidence: limited
encourage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via polyphenols · evidence: limited
encourage Ulcerative Colitis via polyphenols · high · evidence: limited

Research

80 studies discovered for Κριθάρι.

The effects of including sprouted barley in the diets of angus finishing steers on meat quality, sensory analysis, and meat metabolome.

Journal of animal science · 2025 Jan 04 · PMID 41206531

A synergistic pomegranate-biopolymer bio-stimulant enhances barley growth, heat stress resilience, and antimicrobial activity through physiological and molecular modulation.

3 Biotech · 2026 Aug · PMID 42548651

Young Barley ( L.) Preparations: From Phytochemical Complexity to Clinical Relevance.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 Jun 22 · PMID 42357586

Essential Oils from Pruning Residues of Mill. 'Essence Purple' and (Roth) G.Don: Phytotoxic and Ecotoxicological Evaluation.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 Apr 18 · PMID 42076010

Investigation of Antimicrobial Potential of Medicinal Plants Against .

Food science & nutrition · 2025 Nov · PMID 41245185

Brassinosteroids negatively regulate barley deacclimation tolerance via modulation of chloroplast gene expression and cell hydration.

Scientific reports · 2025 Oct 07 · PMID 41057488

Whole grains are not equal: the role of fiber structure and phytochemicals in health.

Food & function · 2025 Sep 15 · PMID 40856522

Evaluation of the Profile of Selected Bioactive Compounds and the Potential of Barley Wort Enriched with Malted and Unmalted Hemp Seeds for Brewing Applications.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025 Aug 04 · PMID 40807435

Antioxidant activity and phytochemical analysis of different varieties of barley ( L.) available in Pakistan.

Frontiers in nutrition · 2025 · PMID 40529425

Induced variation in BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) confers a compact wheat architecture.

BMC plant biology · 2025 May 26 · PMID 40419954

Impact of low-doses gamma radiation on phytochemicals and bioactive compounds in barley microgreens.

International journal of radiation biology · 2025 · PMID 40358249

Phytochemical and Structural Portrayal of Barley and Pearl Millet Through FTIR and SEM.

Food science & nutrition · 2025 May · PMID 40330203

Mutations of the brassinosteroid biosynthesis gene HvDWARF5 enable balance between semi-dwarfism and maintenance of grain size in barley.

Physiologia plantarum · 2025 · PMID 40129050

Integrated in vitro, in silico, and in vivo approaches to elucidate the antidiabetic mechanisms of Cicer arietinum and Hordeum vulgare extract and secondary metabolites.

Scientific reports · 2025 Feb 24 · PMID 39994296

Disorders in brassinosteroids signal transduction triggers the profound molecular alterations in the crown tissue of barley under drought.

PloS one · 2025 · PMID 39899562

Germination under the dark as an efficient method to enrich barley hordatine aglycones and to prepare a hordatine-rich fraction.

Food chemistry · 2025 Apr 30 · PMID 39842199

Take a deep BReath: Manipulating brassinosteroid homeostasis helps cereals adapt to environmental stress.

Plant physiology · 2024 Dec 23 · PMID 39761526

Antiviral Activity of Plant-Based Additives Against African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) in Feed Ingredients.

Veterinary medicine and science · 2024 Nov · PMID 39403003

Investigation of in vitro biological activity of young Hordeum vulgare leaf in correlation with its bioactive compounds.

Biologia futura · 2024 Dec · PMID 38967876

Drought-induced molecular changes in crown of various barley phytohormone mutants.

Plant signaling & behavior · 2024 Dec 31 · PMID 38923879

Hull-Less Barley ( L. var. Hook. f.): A Review of Its Phytochemistry, Bioactivities, Pharmacology and Applications.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026 Jul 01 · PMID 42304686

Barley extrudates modulate the gut microbiome-metabolome axis through β-glucan fermentation and polyphenol biotransformation.

Food & function · 2026 Jun 08 · PMID 42132693

Physico-Chemical, Textural, Antioxidant and Sensory Characterization of White Chocolate Enriched with Barley Powder.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 Apr 29 · PMID 42121490

Exploring the Hypoglycemic Activity and Mechanism of Polyphenols From Highland Barley Through Lactobacillus acidophilus Fermentation.

Journal of food science · 2026 Apr · PMID 41972482

Highland barley polyphenols mitigate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity via mitochondrial protection and metabolic reprogramming.

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2026 Jun 01 · PMID 41955720

Effects of different thermal processing methods on the nutritional components of whole highland barley and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects: β-glucan and polyphenols.

Food chemistry · 2026 May 30 · PMID 41865521

Identification and characterization of 13 gene families encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in barley and their roles under abiotic stress.

Scientific reports · 2026 Mar 08 · PMID 41796129

Heat-induced regulation on metabolite biosynthesis improves antioxidant capacity and nutritional quality of black highland barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2026 Apr 01 · PMID 41763825

Modulation of highland barley noodles quality by water-soluble polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate and ferulic acid.

Food chemistry · 2026 Apr 15 · PMID 41702011

Priming of plant innate immunity by β-aminobutyric acid improved barley resistance to grain aphid (Sitobion avenae).

BMC plant biology · 2026 Jan 15 · PMID 41540338

Rice as an adjunct in brewing beer: mini-review.

Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2026 Jul · PMID 41387283

Bioavailability and Metabolic Fate of (Poly)phenols from Hull-Less Purple Whole-Grain Barley in Humans.

Nutrients · 2025 Sep 28 · PMID 41097164

Effects of Steeping Particle Size on the Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Lipolysis Inhibitory Ability of Tea Infusions From Black Highland Barley Roasted at Different Temperatures.

Journal of food science · 2025 Oct · PMID 41090460

Genomic adaptation of an autochthonous cider yeast strain to buckwheat and barley wort under stressful brewing conditions.

Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025 Nov 19 · PMID 41060021

Contribution of phenolic compounds and hormones in antioxidant defense responses of wild and cultivated barley genotypes under drought and heat stress.

Scientific reports · 2025 Jul 25 · PMID 40715291

Multifaceted role of Trichoderma harzianum isolates in mitigating drought stress and promoting adaptive responses in barley cultivars.

Scientific reports · 2025 Jul 22 · PMID 40695871

Phenolic compounds, antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes under field drought-stress conditions.

BMC plant biology · 2025 May 27 · PMID 40426053

Exploration and characterization of flavor compounds in Chinese whiskies: Qingke whisky and Mongolian oak barrel aging via GC × GC and multivariate analysis.

Food chemistry · 2025 Sep 01 · PMID 40318341

Rapid development of naked malting barley germplasm through targeted mutagenesis.

Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement · 2025 Mar · PMID 40061124

Chitinase 38 confers cadmium tolerance via reduced cadmium uptake and metabolic reprogramming in barley.

Plant physiology · 2026 Jul 02 · PMID 42334431

Black highland barley anthocyanins as potent natural inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase: A combined digestion and molecular mechanism study.

Food chemistry · 2026 Jul 15 · PMID 42068808

Glycinebetaine Improves Photosynthetic Performance and Antioxidant Defense in Barley Under Water Deficit Conditions.

Biomolecules · 2026 Mar 02 · PMID 41897308

Hepatoprotective potential of anthocyanins from purple highland barley bran against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through gut-liver axis.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2026 Apr 30 · PMID 41794448

De novo transcriptome and tissue-specific gene expression analysis in three types of barley following exploring the mechanism of quercetin content in purple barley (Hordeum vulgare).

BMC plant biology · 2026 Feb 25 · PMID 41735885

Breeding for the absence of proanthocyanidins in grain of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): molecular genetic and technological aspects.

Vavilovskii zhurnal genetiki i selektsii · 2025 Dec · PMID 41660597

Comparative analysis of ultraviolet-B radiation and abscisic acid revealing distinct mechanistic approaches to drought tolerance in highland barley.

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB · 2026 Feb · PMID 41570634

Physiological and biochemical responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to combined exposure of Pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PPCPs), and artificial sweeteners (ASs).

BMC plant biology · 2025 Nov 28 · PMID 41315946

Screening of Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Activities of Subcritical Water Extracts from and Flowers.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025 Nov 05 · PMID 41226258

New sustainable sponge-like cryogels based on barley starch and jambolan extract: Exudate-absorbing biomaterial for food product.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2025 Dec · PMID 41174361

Variations in Plasma Metabolome Shed Light on the Associations Between Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Goats Supplemented With Condensed Tannin.

Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho · 2025 · PMID 41137745

Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Nano-selenium in Alleviating Cadmium Toxicity in Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.).

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology · 2025 Sep 26 · PMID 41006619

Analysis of Diversity in Barley Reveals a Specific Allele to Cause Purple-Colored Grains.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025 Oct 08 · PMID 40997767

Allelopathic effects of leaf leachates on growth, biochemistry, and oxidative stress responses in selected crop species.

Frontiers in plant science · 2025 · PMID 40963821

Nutritional composition and phenolic compounds in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): a review of the effects of drying, storage, and processing.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2025 Nov · PMID 40922201

Enhances Barley Disease Resistance Through Temporally Coordinated Defense Responses.

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 Jul 01 · PMID 42506245

Correction: Akhter et al. Silicon-Induced Mitigation of NaCl Stress in Barley ( L.), Associated with Enhanced Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Activities. 2022, 2379.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 Jul 02 · PMID 42452305

Protective Role of Diatomite Against Freezing Stress in L.: Insights into Physiological Mechanisms.

Biomolecules · 2026 Jun 17 · PMID 42352362

Integrative multi-scale analysis reveals a candidate melatonin receptor associated with early salinity response networks in barley.

Scientific reports · 2026 Jun 05 · PMID 42243187

Halotolerant PSB enhance barley tolerance to combined salinity and phosphorus deficiency via improved ion homeostasis, photosynthesis and antioxidant defense.

BMC plant biology · 2026 May 30 · PMID 42226099

Multi-strain fermentation alters nutrient composition and phase distribution of metabolites in black highland barley.

Food chemistry · 2026 Aug 01 · PMID 42172759

Overexpression of barley heat stress transcription factor HvHsfA6a provides thermotolerance by modulating transcriptome and metabolome.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026 May · PMID 42133895

Transcriptome analysis revealed lncRNA-mRNA modules responsive to low temperature stress in Qingke.

BMC genomics · 2026 May 11 · PMID 42115967

Unlocking salt tolerance from Fertile Crescent wild barley: evolutionary and physiological mechanisms in introgressed lines.

Scientific reports · 2026 May 12 · PMID 42115353

Genome-wide association mapping reveals pleiotropic loci coupling antioxidant defense with redox homeostasis in barley under combined drought and salinity.

Journal of plant physiology · 2026 Jul · PMID 42107448

Nano-priming modulates antioxidant enzymes and NHX/SOS-mediated ion homeostasis to improve salinity tolerance in barley genotypes.

Plant cell reports · 2026 Apr 13 · PMID 41973257

Levan-derived oligosaccharides (LOS) prime barley against fungal pathogens through asparagine metabolism.

Carbohydrate polymers · 2026 Jun 01 · PMID 41943319

Genomic hotspots integrating antioxidant priming and hormone-ROS signaling shape barley resilience to Cold-Drought stress.

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB · 2026 Apr · PMID 41941855

Physiological responses and proteomic analysis of different barley varieties under alkaline stress.

Scientific reports · 2026 Apr 02 · PMID 41927662

The effect of foliar chitosan application on fusarium head blight in barley is highly genotype dependent.

BMC plant biology · 2026 Jul 13 · PMID 42443767

Defatted biomass of the green microalga Chlorella sp. as a sustainable biostimulant to enhance barley growth under saline conditions.

Scientific reports · 2026 May 13 · PMID 42129269

Transformation patterns of masked fusarium mycotoxins during barley malting: Mechanistic evidence and multimodal detection in industrial products.

Food chemistry · 2026 Jun 15 · PMID 41946103

Black highland barley as a characteristic grain of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: profile on its nutritional functional properties and food processing applications.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2026 Apr 01 · PMID 41763815

Palliative Effects of Phenolic, Polysaccharide, and Lipid Extracts of Hulless Barley Grass on Acute Ulcerative Colitis.

Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026 Mar · PMID 41761860

Exosome-like Nanovesicles from L. Fermented with BMSE-HMP251 Ameliorate LPS-Induced Inflammation in HT-29 and RAW 264.7 Cells.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 Feb 15 · PMID 41752456

Multi-target antidiabetic peptides from highland barley (Qingke): Identification, molecular docking, and inhibitory mechanisms against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPP-IV.

Food chemistry · 2026 Apr 15 · PMID 41713349

Exploring natural pesticides: metabolomic insights into wheat and barley response to scopoletin and umbelliferone.

The Science of the total environment · 2026 Feb 25 · PMID 41671809

Mechanism of co-encapsulating highland barley β-glucan to improve the gastrointestinal bioavailability of probiotics.

Food & function · 2026 Mar 09 · PMID 41661064

Barley protein: From agricultural staple to sustainable protein solution.

Journal of proteomics · 2026 Apr 20 · PMID 41554437

"Bioactive peptides in craft beers: influence of beer style on bioactive peptide profile and predicted functional properties".

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2026 Feb 01 · PMID 41508478

A systems review of grain proteins in rice and barley: biosynthesis, regulation, and impact on end-use quality.

Frontiers in plant science · 2025 · PMID 41358352

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